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| c. 2800 BC |
| | | The harp and the lyre are in use as musical instruments in Mesopotamia | |
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| c. 1850 BC |
| | | Wrestlers are painted on the walls of an Egyptian tomb, performing most of the holds and falls still in use today | |
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| c. 1500 BC |
| | | A copper trumpet is in use in Egypt, forerunner of the brass instruments of the orchestra | |
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| c. 600 BC |
| | | The choros, originally danced in a circle by temple virgins, is the centrepiece of the developing Greek theatre | |
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| c. 600 BC |
| | | Frenzied dances, in honour of the god Dionysus, become part of Greek theatre - deriving probably from the northeast, in Thrace | |
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| 534 BC |
| | | Thespis, traditionally considered the first actor, wins the drama competition in Athens | |
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| c. 500 BC |
| | | The followers of Pythagoras discover the mathematical basis of the octave | |
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| 484 BC |
| | | Aeschylus wins the prize for tragedy at the City Dionysia in Athens | |
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| 468 BC |
| | | Sophocles wins the prize for tragedy in Athens, defeating Aeschylus in the competition | |
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| 454 BC |
| | | Euripides enters the drama contest at the City Dionysia in Athens for the first time | |
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